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Introduction: Gynecological disorders such as menstrual irregularities, infertility, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and endometriosis pose major challenges in women’s health worldwide. Conventional treatments often address symptomatic relief but may have limitations in long-term efficacy and safety. Ayurveda emphasizes a holistic approach, with Panchakarma (fivefold detoxification and rejuvenation therapies) offering promising interventions for restoring reproductive health. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, AYUSH Research Portal, Google Scholar, and Ayurvedic classical texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya). Publications from 2000–2024 were included. Both clinical trials and conceptual studies focusing on Panchakarma in gynecological disorders were considered, while studies with poor methodology or unrelated interventions were excluded. Results: Panchakarma therapies such as Uttara Basti, Virechana, Vamana, Basti, and Nasya have been reported to restore doshic balance, improve ovulatory function, and enhance uterine health. Clinical evidence supports Uttara Basti in amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and infertility; Virechana in PCOS and endometriosis; and Basti in pelvic inflammatory conditions and recurrent miscarriages. Integration with Rasayana and Stree Rogahara Dravyas such as Shatavari, Ashoka, and Lodhra enhances outcomes. Modern studies indicate Panchakarma may regulate hormonal profiles, reduce oxidative stress, and improve reproductive outcomes. Discussion: Panchakarma aligns with modern therapeutic principles such as detoxification, local drug delivery, and immunomodulation. However, methodological limitations, small sample sizes, and heterogeneity of studies restrict conclusive evidence. Conclusion: Panchakarma presents a valuable complementary approach in gynecology, offering individualized, holistic management. Further high-quality, multicenter clinical trials are warranted.

Keywords: Ayurveda, Infertility, Panchakarma, PCOS, Women’s health